Objectives
Pelvic floor muscle training (PFMT) following vaginal assessment of correct
contraction can prevent and treat urinary incontinence in the peripartum period.
The aim of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of PFMT instructed in a
general fitness class for pregnant women.
Design
Single-blind randomised controlled trial.
Setting
University-conducted primary care study.
Participants
One hundred and five sedentary primiparous women randomised to a general
fitness class including PFMT (n=52) or a control group (n=53).
Ten and 11 women were lost to follow-up in the exercise and control groups,
respectively.
Intervention
Twelve weeks of training comprising twice-weekly 1-hour fitness classes
including three sets of eight to 12 maximal pelvic floor muscle contractions.
The control group received usual care.
Outcome measure
Number of women reporting urinary, flatus or anal incontinence.
Results
No significant differences were found in the number of women reporting
urinary, flatus or anal incontinence between the exercise group and the control
group during pregnancy or at 6 weeks post partum.
Conclusions
No effect of PFMT was found when the exercises were taught in a general
fitness class for pregnant women without individual instruction of correct PFM
contraction. Low adherence and the small sample size may have contributed to the
negative results. Further studies are warranted to assess the effect of
population-based PFMT in the prevention of urinary and fecal
incontinence.
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